Category: ARTMargins Online: Articles

Modernity and Tradition between Ideologies: The Pragmatic Architecture of Emil Bellus (1899-1979)

In discussing the work of an important Slovak architect of the 20th century, we would like to investigate how changes in ideological paradigms have influenced the character of architecture, how they have limited creative freedom, how they have not led to the manifestation of pragmatic results, and how the official architectural model has been rejected.

We would like to observe how the peripheral regional society deals with radical modernizing trends and how the national-romantic tendency is enforced at the same time.

We would like to demonstrate how a richly layered architectural heritage is created thanks to a non-priori opened periphery … Read more

Socialist Evening Realistic Post

I.

It does not take an experienced connoisseur to notice the uncanny similarity between the widely popular art of Norman Rockwell and certain artworks of Socialist realism.

Similarly, some of the official art created in the Soviet Union during Rockwell’s most successful years could easily pass as emblematic of the Saturday Evening Post covers depicting that era.

This can be a confusing realization given that these images originated from the two very polarized ideological standpoints of that time. Is this a mere coincidence of style, or are these two forms of expression somehow more deeply bound?

The art of the … Read more

Urban Landscapes: National Imagery and Its Present Day Articulations


 

In this short essay I intend to investigate certain representational images and architectural articulations of the present-day Ukraine. By doing so, I attempt to critique the practice of architecture in a specific manner.

Recognizing architecture’s commitment to represent an invisible “reality,” which stays behind the object of representation, and architecture’s role in building up the “collective memory” – one’s reenactment into the life of community, city, nation or country, I decided to explore the ways the social space and the scope of national imagery is set into a work of architecture.

Several reasons influenced my decision. First, let’s agree that … Read more

Sebestyén Kodolányi and Csaba Uglár: “Abuse”

Sebestyén Kodolányi and Csaba Uglár: Abuse. Project Room, Museum of Contemporary Art/Ludwig Museum Budapest, November 3-25, 2002 

Sebestyén Kodolányi’s and Csaba Uglár’s project abuses the toposes of confraternity and the noble-spirited sentiments of men’s brotherhood. The “documentary film,” an experiment, documents a fraud. The “spiritual community” is dwelling on some scholarly topic first in a room of utterly mysterious atmosphere, then sets out and marches along against a backdrop of the streets, the blocks, and the inhabitants of the city.

The group of men, in garments that imitate sacred habits, visualise both the brotherhood of men in the gospels … Read more

Special Section Focus: Public Art in Hungary

On Moscow Square, Budapest, it is the morning rush hour.(I would like to thank Edit András and Tyrus Miller for discussion and revision of my text.) A young man appears to be walking on the wall of the subway station building, defying gravity. Those who had arrived earlier and stayed till the end of the performance, of course, already knew the trick: A metal construction, concealed by his clothes, sustaining him, making it a real spectacle.

People stop a minute, stare up, guess at what he is doing and why; others take no notice at all and pass

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The Hungarian Patient: Comments on the “Contemporary Hungarian Art of the 90s”

Two years ago, when the editor of a Hungarian academic journal in art history asked me to write about “the contemporary Hungarian art of the 90s,” I agreed to do so without the slightest hesitation, and proposed a paper on the changes of the institutional framework of the period. Later, when I was setting off to research, I realized that none of the components of the apparently innocent phrase “the contemporary Hungarian art of the 90s” was clear enough to be taken for granted.

How could we define the period of the 90s and the generally established category of contemporary

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East of Art: Transformations in Eastern Europe. Introduction

East of Art: Transformations in Eastern Europe, Museum of Modern Art, New York City, March 11, 2003

On March 11, 2003, between the daily UN Summits and in anticipation of the war with Saddam Hussein, New York City housed an international symposium East of Art: Transformations in Eastern Europe, arranged and hosted by the Museum of Modern Art.

The event was conducted in conjunction with and as an inauguration of the recent, seminal MOMA publication Primary Documents: A Sourcebook for Eastern and Central European Art since the 1950s, edited by Laura Hoptman and Tomáš Pospiszyl, with a … Read more

Thank Heaven for Little Girls: The Case of Sculptor Pavel Opocensky

The act of male artists inviting young girls into their studios with the intent of doing “studies” of their nude bodies is far from a shocking idea in contemporary Western society. However, in the past, renowned artists such as Edgar Degas and Egon Schiele among others suffered the consequences of gossip and rumors that can accompany a man’s intimate association with girls.

Pavel Opocensky, a locally renowned sculptor and jewelry designer within the Czech Republic, has also undergone public and state persecution, but previously for the inadvertent killing of a young skinhead in defense of an elderly man under attack.… Read more

“Who Needs Museums Anymore:” A Response to Marina Grzinic

See also Marina Grzinic’s original 2002 article: “Does Contemporary Art Need Museums Anymore” 

1. The original impetus for this reflection came from a series of visits and encounters with new and old museums in Wien. One could find at the more discrete institutions insightful and scrupulously presented work, and at the grandiose sites, exhibitions that were infuriating in their clumsy submission to the needs of financial survival.

This is not meant as a blanket characterization, but describes a trend that Bettina Funcke states is “part of a current emphasis on the spectacularization of the museum in general: Start with a … Read more

Attention! Siberia! Dispatch from Novosibirsk

Artists in Novosibirsk, as those throughout the world, are separated into various groups and factions. Even during the period of Soviet totalitarianism, when the ideals of equality were strictly enforced, artists were separated into two groups: members of the Union of Artists of the USSR (now the Russian Federation) and non-members, more commonly referred to as “amateur artists.”

In today’s society, artists of Novosibirsk are more frequently separated into groups through individual characteristics such as talent, productive nature, style, and business principles.

Most artists of Novosibirsk work within traditional fields of art that are relevant to Russian culture, such … Read more

Bucharest: The Not-Yet-Istanbul and the Would-Be-Sarajevo (Radical Reconstruction as Anti-Nostalgia)

We are searching for models of reconstruction. Analogies, allegories, utopias. Bucharest continues to wallow, vandalized, in a state of severe waste, which the city itself cannot overpass. Just as it cannot expect real help from those who caused it to implode.

Among these benefactors, the “political class” that emerged after 1989 and the architects who served it are the most to blame. The former underwent a superficial reshuffling: they either started to do business or simply dropped the inverted comas, only to exchange them for different, equally pejorative ones.

The latter, too, put on some make-up: those who actually

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On the Various Trappings of Daniel Spoerri

Only an artist can truly abhor art, and Daniel Spoerri’s generation had many who did, including the Romanian-born creator of the “picture-traps” himself.

Spoerri created the first “tableau-piège” in 1960, The Resting Place of the Delbeck Family, by gluing a number of dinner-table objects on a board and then hanging it on a wall.

More often than not, the surface of the picture-traps is a tabletop and the objects glued are the remnants of a meal: dishes, utensils, food remains, etc. Sometimes one even finds both table and chair attached to the wall.

The selection of the

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East of Art: Transformations in Eastern Europe: “On (Un-) Changing Canons and Extreme Avantgardes”

Europe is now building a kind of wall which functions as a united police force to cordon off Europe. There are, for example, some plans for a literal wall between the United States and Mexico, some kind of electronic wall.

So, there was this dream period where freedom was universal globalism. Now, walls are again popping up, which is why maybe such exhibitions can have such meaning.

So, I would like now, nonetheless, to say some small things in the praise of this poor, real socialism. The first one, I just have to refer here just a little bit to

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East of Art: Transformations in Eastern Europe: “Changing the Context: The Polish Experience”

I’m taking part in this panel as an artist – a practitioner participating in certain events, and not as a philosopher, a curator or an art critic, whose standpoint is characterized, among others, by objective judgment.

I will, for the most part, talk about events in which I participated myself, and things which I remember, some of which may be subjective. For this reason I will concentrate mostly on the situation in Poland, because that is where I studied, worked and, above all, where I mainly showed my work for the first few years – and not on the “Central

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East of Art: Transformations in Eastern Europe: “The Complicity of Oblivion”

Anyone wishing to speak about present day Eastern European art has no choice but to once again take sides on the inevitable question: Can this art be said to possess a distinctive character?

And if so, what precisely constitutes, in other words, its particularity (or singularity)? Whether and in what manner does contemporary Eastern European art differ from its Western counterpart? It’s really an important question: what is specifically Russian about Russian art? What is specifically Eastern European about Eastern European art?

I would like to start by clearly stating that I do believe one may, and should, speak about

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Central Europe in the Face of Unification

The following essay is part of a series devoted to contemporary art and architecture East-Central Europe. It was first delivered as a paper at a conference held at MIT in October, 2001. 

When speaking about European unification, or the incorporation of Central Europe into the EU structures after 1989, we should focus on Central European exhibitions held in the West after the Fall of Nation in 1989. The answer to the question “what was the core of the (Western) interest in newly discovered lands in the East” is very simple: there were political reasons so obvious that they are not … Read more

“Young Flesh (Mlady Maso)”: Czech Students Bare It All

Mlady Maso at the Golden Ring House in the Ungelt, Prague 3.7 – 22.9. 2002

Over the last decade Czech art institutions seem to have developed a pre-occupation with discovering emerging Czech artists’ work. In an attempt to both escape the past and catch up with the rest of the Western art world, curators desperately seek out the latest of what the very youngest generation has to offer.

This consistent curatorial tactic apparently tries to convey that these mobile phone wielding, new-world-order, frustrated youths are somehow miraculously untouched by the former political system, and are in fact representatives of what … Read more

“Heroes of Labor”

Festival Helden der Arbeit, September 7 – October 7, 2002. Berlin (various locations)

This voyage to Berlin was part of an ongoing investigation based around a certain recycling of space and how deserted spaces or sites in the urban landscape can be appropriated and reused. In this case, through artistic and cultural intervention.

Oberschoneweide in south east Berlin presented such processes in September/October 2002 through the art festival “Helden der Arbeit” as it opened up various factory buildings within its declining industrial district to visiting artists and, in turn, the show’s visitors.

Oberschoneweide is way off of Berlin’s beaten tourist … Read more

Kabakov Online: Russian Art

Ever wondered what the web yields when you type your name into Google? Some of us may be pleasantly surprised by the number of pages found, only to be dismayed by seeing the actual content.

This reviewer, although not exactly passive in terms of online activity, has been outranked by several eponymous persons: among these goldsmith, a Conservative city counselor, and an artist biker. (By the way: If you want to find out whether you rank better than your friend / colleague / worst enemy, www.googlefights.com is the site for you.)

However, if you type the … Read more

Machines of Potentiality: About Angels, Metaphysics, and Parallel Realities in Vadim Fishkin’s Works

Vadim Fishkin, born in Penza in the Soviet Union in 1965, has been living and working in Ljubljana since 1992. Fishkin is not merely an artist working with a variety of different media, but also an architect who studied at the Moscow Institute of Architecture, a stage designer, an “angel researcher”, a botanist, a spiritualist, a photographer, a pyrotechnician, an engineer, an inventor, and a geologist. Most recently, he collaborated as a set designer with the Slovenian choreographers Mateja Bucar, NSK’s theatre department Cosmokinetic Cabinet Noordung, and others.

During the Transnacionala trip(In the summer of 1996 an international group Read more

Sites in Motion. Prague To Bucharest: Alternative Theater Initiatives in Eastern Europe

LONDON- FRANKFURT- BUCHAREST On this long haul over the land coach voyage where miles are devoured in darkness and discomfort, time has no relevance now measured in neon petrol station stops, highway tollgates, and border crossings. Changing coaches in Frankfurt brings a change of pace-now slow and erratic with contrasting intensified excitement.

Final destination: Romania and a meeting with Nona Ciobanu—Theatre director and director of TOACA cultural foundation in Bucharest.

Now accompanied by a new congregation of Romanians returning to the homeland, the bus promptly breaks down. There is a general acceptance of this fact; an acceptance to be the … Read more

A Charming Impasse: Czech Cubist Architecture

The following essay is part of a series devoted to contemporary art and architecture East-Central Europe. It was first delivered as a paper at a conference held at MIT in October, 2001.

Originally, I developed my reading of Czech Cubist architecture within the framework of a more extensive project dealing with the phenomenon of the “border” in art. The ambivalent nature of the “border”, in addition to its obvious function of separation, inherently implies its own transgression, a certain amount of permeability, the existence of a boundary, and an “in-between” zone. Czech Cubism, a rather bizarre episode in the history … Read more

Mikhail Chernishov

IFA Gallery, Berlin – August 23, 2002 – October 13, 2002

“No additions – A principle solution has to be reduced on the essential”, is how Mikhail Chernishov words his intentions for a series of Pictures, which he had executed in 1961 for his first ‘living room exhibition’.

Chernishov radicalised what he had seen and read about in foreign art magazines; he knew about Malewitsch’s Black Square, about Jackson Pollock and Ad Reinhard, and wanted to carry them a step further – not creating a picture without image, but showing that a picture could be anything.

He realised … Read more

Conundrum of Time: Clepsydra

Miha Vipotnik, Gallery of the Université Saint Esprit de Kaslik (USEK) in Beirut, May 2002.

Miha Vipotnik has been a video artist, filmmaker, and commercial director in Ljubljana and Los Angeles for nearly twenty years. He was also the creator and curator of the International Video Bienniale during the 1980s, and earned MFAs in 1990 at the California Institute of the Arts and in 1979 at the Academy of Fine Arts at the University of Ljubljana. His recent works include a video installation Journey to the End of the Ends (2000), a video art piece Gazelle (2000) about the poetics … Read more

“Palimpsest”: A Retrospective Exhibition of Peter Jacobi

Peter Jacobi, Works 1972-1992, Romanian National Museum of Art, Bucharest, May 2002

The Romanian artist Peter Jacobi was born in 1935, and graduated from the Fine Arts Institute of Bucharest in 1961. He lived in Romania until 1970, at which point he established himself in Germany, the country where his artistic vocation has since been developing in various forms: he is a modern sculptor and photographer, concerned primarily with new media and new materials.

Until 1970, he and his wife, Ritzi Jacobi, displayed abroad at the International Tapestry Biennial from Lausanne (1969) and the Biennial from Venice (1970). After 1971, … Read more

Architecture in the Tension-Zone of National Assertiveness – the Examples of Poznan and Upper Silesia in the First Decades of the 20th Century

The following essay is part of a series devoted to contemporary art and architecture East-Central Europe. It was first delivered as a paper at a conference held at MIT in October, 2001.

The way in which architecture lends character to the appearance of a town and thus is present in the everyday life of all parts of society would seem to make buildings an instrument especially suitable for the manifestation of national identity. Thus, at the end of the 19th and in the first decades of the 20th century, architecture – especially in border regions – was often interpreted as

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Dangerous Liaisons

Dangerous liaisons, City Gallery “Arsenal” Poznan, April-May 2002, curator: Izabella Kowalczyk. Artists exhibited: Artur Zmijewski, Alicja Zebrowska, Dorota Nieznalska, Zbigniew Libera, Konrad Kuzyszyn, Zofia Kulik, Katarzyna Kozyra, Grzegorz Kowalski, Grzegorz Klaman, Anna Baumgart.

In April 2002 an exhibition Dangerous liaisons was opened in City Gallery “Arsenal” in Poznan. It was thought to sum up so-called critical art – one of the most important trends in contemporary Polish art in the ’90s. Critical art is seen as having taken the lead on the Polish art scene in the ’90s and as having now given way to other tendencies (one could … Read more

IRWIN (NSK) 1983-2002: From “Was ist Kunst?” via Eastern Modernism to Total Recall

The painters’ collective IRWIN (1983) is part of the artists’ collective Neue Slowenische Kunst(On Neue Slowenische Kunst cf. Arns, Inke: Neue Slowenische Kunst. Regensburg, 2002.) (NSK), together with the music group Laibach (1980), and the performance group Gledališce Sester Scipion Nasice (1983),which, in 1987, renamed itself Kozmokineticno Gledališce Rdeci Pilot, and, since 1990, has been called Kozmokineticni Kabinet Noordung.(A fourth sub-group should be mentioned here: the New Collectivism design group which consists of members of Laibach, Irwin and the theatre collective. New Collectivism is best known for a scandal that ensued in 1986/1987 when their

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Monumental Slums

Living inside the leviathan for almost twenty years now, I do have opinions about theway East European cities look, about how one dealt with their history and future and sometimes I even became a – minor – witness and/or actor in these processes. My perspective and my theoretical investigations are not however those of an anthropologist.

Therefore, instead of producing instant theories – a dear endeavor to many local intellectuals, regardless of their field of expertise – I will humbly share with the ArtMargins readers some of my gut feelings about the city, based upon my personal/subjective empirical observations. Just … Read more

Manifesta 4

Frankensteiner Hof, Frankfurter Kunstverein, Portikus, Städelsches Kulturinstitut Frankfurt – May 25 until August 25, 2002

Expectations for this year’s ‘Manifesta 4’ in Frankfurt were high. The previous instalments of this nomadic ‘European Biennial of Contemporary Art’ outside the traditional European art centres, in Rotterdam, Luxembourg and Ljubliana had raised the stakes. Manifesta had become a brand that presented daring and exciting new work by young artists from all over Europe, without dependency and subordination to the art markets – close to contemporary theoretical discourse and on the pulse of the time.

The three curators, Iara Boubnova (Sofia), Nuria Enguita Mayo … Read more